![]() The foam heat shield would serve a final role as cushioning when the astronaut touched down and as a flotation device should they land on water. Finally, once the astronaut had descended to 30,000 ft (9.1 km) where the air was sufficiently dense, the parachute would automatically deploy and slow the astronaut's fall to 17 mph (7.6 m/s). The rocket pack would protrude from the bag and be used to slow the astronaut's orbital speed enough so that he would reenter Earth's atmosphere, and the foam-filled bag would act as insulation during the subsequent aerobraking. The bag had the shape of a blunt cone, with the astronaut embedded in its base facing the apex of the cone. The astronaut would leave the vehicle in a space suit, climb inside the plastic bag, and then fill it with foam. It consisted of a small twin-nozzle rocket motor sufficient to deorbit the astronaut, a PET film bag 6 ft (1.8 m) long with a flexible 0.25 in (6.4 mm) ablative heat shield on the back, two pressurized canisters to fill it with polyurethane foam, a parachute, radio equipment and a survival kit. The system was quite compact, weighing 200 lb (91 kg) and fitting inside a suitcase-sized container. The design was proposed by General Electric in the early 1960s. ![]() MOOSE, originally an acronym for Man Out Of Space Easiest but later changed to the more professional-sounding Manned Orbital Operations Safety Equipment, was a proposed emergency "bail-out" system capable of bringing a single astronaut safely down from Earth orbit to the planet's surface. 112 from Analysis and Design of Space Vehicle Flight Control Systems 111 from Analysis and Design of Space Vehicle Flight Control Systems Fig. 110 from Analysis and Design of Space Vehicle Flight Control Systems Fig.
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